In eastern Democratic Republic of Congo, AFC/M23 rebels have begun withdrawing from the city of Uvira in South Kivu province. The city was captured a week ago after fierce fighting against the Congolese army and its allies. On Monday night, the rebel group announced a conditional withdrawal, which began on Wednesday evening, December 17.

Columns of several hundred fighters were observed in the commune of Kalundu, where the rebel headquarters was located, heading north, on the outskirts of the town. Some were on foot, with backpacks and weapons in hand, others in vehicles.

These movements have also been reported as far as Kavimvira, on the outskirts of Uvira. However, the armed group has not officially specified how far its forces intend to retreat.

This withdrawal was confirmed by a member of the city's civil society, contacted by RFI: "It's true, the M23 has just withdrawn. We saw soldiers heading towards Bukavu, some on foot, others in vehicles."

The deputy coordinator of the AFC/M23, Bertrand Bisimwa, indicates that this withdrawal must be completed this Thursday, December 18. The announcement concerns only the city of Uvira and does not mention the other areas conquered after December 10.

The Congolese government calls for vigilance

A cautious reaction Wednesday evening from the Congolese government and its spokesperson casts doubt on the reality of this withdrawal: "Who can verify it? Where are they going? How many were there? What are they leaving in the city?" asks Patrick Muyaya on X. He mentions the risk of fighters disguised as civilians, affirms that Kinshasa expects an effective withdrawal of Rwandan troops from all occupied areas of Congolese territory and calls for vigilance.

In a statement published on Monday night, the AFC/M23 announced this withdrawal under conditions, including the establishment of a neutral force and the non-occupation of the city by the armed forces of the DRC or by the Wazalendo groups, allies of the Congolese army.