L’Afrique à l’heure de la 4G et de la 5G, entre essor et fracture numérique
According to a report published on October 14, 2025, by the GSMA, three out of four mobile subscribers in Africa are expected to be connected to 4G or 5G by 2030, compared to less than half today. This transition relies on planned investments of $77 billion in network infrastructure and is expected to increase the number of mobile internet users to 576 million, with 915 million unique subscribers, representing 53% of the African population.
Mobile telephony already contributed 7.7% to Africa's GDP in 2024, a share that could remain around 7.4% in 2030, driven by 5G, the Internet of Things, and artificial intelligence. This expansion reflects the growing integration of digital technology into the economy and services, from urban areas to more remote regions, and opens up unprecedented opportunities for education, health, and commerce.
However, a major obstacle remains. Nearly half of Africans are still excluded from digital access due to financial constraints or a lack of necessary skills. The challenge now is to ensure equitable access to new technologies so that digital growth truly benefits all citizens and supports the continent's inclusive economic development.
To address this situation, several initiatives are already underway, such as the development of digital training centers, the deployment of mobile financing solutions, and the piloting of low-cost networks for rural areas. These measures aim to bridge the gap between connected populations and those still offline, while fostering the emergence of young talent capable of leveraging new technologies.
The rollout of 4G and 5G in Africa is therefore not simply a matter of technical deployment. It represents a strategic lever for stimulating innovation, increasing productivity, and strengthening regional integration. But the continent must combine infrastructure, training, and accessibility to transform this technological boom into a sustainable engine of development.
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